Caodong master of Baoxianglin at Nanhai in Guangdong, lay name Zhang Mingda, of Longjiang in Shunde; his father was Yinliang and his mother of the Deng clan. His mother, having repeatedly borne children who did not live, prayed to Guanyin and conceived him. At seventeen he took the robe at Dinghu and was given the name Kaixiong. He became the dharma heir of Zaishan Hongzan. The Dinghushan gazetteer's life of him — under his sobriquet Shijian, 'Stone Arrow' — records that when the venerable Zaiweng came to his village he went to call on him, their question and answer matched, and he went straight home, took leave of his parents, and left to study with him. His record of sayings assembles the comments-on-the-ancients of two hundred Caodong monks. He died in 1676 aged forty-three.
References: DILA Authority A001382
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