Founding patriarch of the Jingshan branch of the Niutou (Oxhead) school, Tang dynasty. Lay surname Zhu, of Kunshan. Originally a Confucian student; met Helin Xuansu who told him 'observing your spirit, you are truly a Dharma-vessel,' whereupon he was moved to awaken and was ordained. Settled at Jingshan in Hangzhou, attracting many students. Summoned to the capital in 768 (Dali 3) by Emperor Daizong, given the title 'National Teacher of the First Rank' (國一禪師). Later moved to the Pure Land Cloister of Longxing monastery. Disciples include Niaoke Daolin and Chongyun Huihui.
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